Ethyol

What is it?

A cytoprotectant (cell protective) preparation available as a powder in vials for reconstitution and injection, containing 375mg of amifostine.

Medical Uses

To decrease the risk of infection relating to low neutrophil (white blood cell) levels in the blood in patients being treated with cisplatin and cyclophosphamide for advanced cancer of the ovaries. Also, to protect the kidneys against toxicity in patients being treated with cisplatin for solid tumours in other organs. Also, to protect against xerostomia (dry mouth due to lack of secretion of saliva) in patients receiving radiotherapy for cancer of the head and neck.

Dosage

Adults, 910mg per meter squared of body area given once each day as an intravenous infusion over a 15 minute period. Treatment to start 30 minutes or less before chemotherapy is administered by brief intravenous infusion. To reduce kidney toxicity (with dose of cispatin less than 100mg per meter squared of body area), 740mg ethyul per meter squared. Doses according to manufacturer's instructions and under specialist supervision. To protect against xerostomia, 200mg per meter squared of body area administered by intravenous infusion over half an hour period; dose to be commenced 15 to 30 minutes before radiotherapy:

Special Care

Patient should receive anti-sickness medication before treatment and be fully hydrated. Blood pressure must be monitored during administration of infusion, Also, blood calcium levels in patients who are at risk of hypoclycaemia.

Avoid Use

Children, pregnancy, 6reastfeeding, low blood pressure, liver or kidney disorders, patients who are dehydrated.

Possible Drug and Food Interactions

Drugs that lower blood pressure.

Known Side Effects

Vomiting, sickness, low blood pressure, low blood calcium levels, dizziness, sleepiness, allergic responses, hiccups, chills, sneezing, flushes. rarely, there may be a short- lived loss of consciousness.